Linguistic Issue (16)

Tenses	Sentences with Adjectival Clauses	Sentences with Participial Clauses
Present Simple	Many physicians who perform surgical operations are from USA .	Many physicians performing surgical operations are from USA.
Present Progressive	The surgeon who is performing the surgical operation must sleep well.	The surgeon performing the surgical operation must sleep well.
Past Simple	The surgeon, who looked happy after the success of the surgical operation,were cheered by the hospital staff.	The surgeon, looking happy after the success of the surgical operation, were cheered by the hospital staff.
Past Progressive	The hospital staff ,which was cheering  the success of the surgeon,would not leave the hospital.	Cheering the success of the surgeon, the hospital staff would not leave the hospital.
Future	All the candidates who will take the CAE Exam must be qualified.	All the candidates taking the CAE Exam must be qualified.

Linguistic Issue (15)

Adjectival Clauses	Participial Clauses
The injured who had been knocked down by the vehicle was lying on the bed.	The injured knocked down by the vehicle was lying on the bed.
The task that was assigned by the manager was hard.	The task assigned by the manager was hard.
The manager,who had made unprecedented success,worked very hard.	The manager, making unprecedented success,worked very hard.

Linguistic Issue (14)

Description	-ing Forms	-ed Forms
General forms do not refer to timing.Time is indicated in the min clause verb.	Verb + -ing appealing	Verb +ed,en,t,d treated
Perfect forms highlight that the action has taken place before the time of the main clause verb.	Having +Past Participle having assigned